Effects of Different Levels of Protein, Lipid and their Interaction on Growth Factors of Indian White Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) Post Larvae

Authors

1 aculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, P.O.Box: 1144, Sowmehesara,

2 Physiology, Nutrition and pathology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi 14,

Abstract

Three experiments of 60 days duration were conducted in post larval stage of Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, to explore the appropriate protein: lipid ratios in their diets. A common ingredient mixture consisting of; fish meal, shrimp meal, ground nut oil cake, cholesterol, lecithin, vitamins and minerals blended with chicken egg albumin, tapioca flour and cellulose (filler) was used to formulate nine feeds with protein levels of 35%, 40% and 45% and lipid levels of 6%, 9% and 12%. Nutritional responses in terms of WG, RGR, FCR, FCE, PER and PLV indicated that there was no 2-way significant (p>0.05) interaction between protein and lipids levels in any of parameters mentioned; however, the effect of lipids, when tested individually, showed significant variation (P> 0.05). Comparison of mean values showedsignificantly higher WG, RGR, lower FCR, higher FCE and decreased PLV in 45% protein and 12% lipids.
 
REFERENCES
Bhattacharya, B., Sarkar, S. K. and Maji, P. K (1994) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in flora and fauna of Hooglily Estuary, East Coast of India. Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 42, 123-130.
Boughriet, A., Ouddane, B., Fischer, J. C., Wastel, M. and Leman, G. (1992) Variability of dissolved Mn and Zn in the Seine Estuary and chemical speciation of these metals in suspended matter. Water Res., 26, 1359-1378.
Chapman, D. (1992) Water quality assessment. A guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring. Published on behalf of UNESCO, WHO and UNEP.
Chapman Hall, London. Davis, A. G. (1983) The effects of heavy metals upon natural marine phytoplankton population. Prog. Phycol. Res., 2,113-145.
Goulden, P. D. (1978) Environmental pollution analysis. Heyden and Sons Ltd. Norfolk.
Konar, S.K. and Mullick, S. (1993) Pollutional hazards of coastal waters by petrol, detergents and heavy metals. Environ. Ecol. 11, 688-690.
 Kraepiel, A. M. L., Chiffoleau, J.F., Martin, J.M., Morel, F.M.M. (1997) Geochemistry of trace metals in the Gironde Estuary. Geochim. Cosmochin Acta., 61, 1421-1436.
 Lee, S.H. and Lee, K.W. (1983) Heavy metals in sediments from Juhae Bay, Korea. Haeyang Haklwechi, 18, 49-54.
Morris, A.W. (1990). Kinetic and equilibrium approaches to estuarine chemistry. Sci. Tot. Environ, 97, 253-266.
Vanzquez, G. F., Diaz, R. A., Salvador, L. G. and Virender, K.S. (1998) Dissolve metals in Alvarado Lagoon, Mexico. Environ. Inter. 24, 721-727.

Keywords