Water consumption of rice depending on the methods of its cultivation and irrigation

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Abay st. 8, 050043, Almaty, Kazakhstan

2 L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Satpayev St. 2, 010008, Astana, Kazakhstan

3 Toraighyrov University, Lomov St. 64 140008, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan

10.22124/cjes.2025.8945

Abstract

This study evaluated the low-input rice cultivation practices in the salinity of the Ili-Bakhshakhsh watershed in Kazakhstan using an analysis of four irrigation systems (traditional flooding, intermittent irrigations, direct sowing, and subsurface drip irrigations) over two cropping seasons. The findings revealed that direct-seeded rice (DSR) was the most efficient system that reduced water application by 41% (19,800 m3 ha-1) and improved water productivity by 100% (0.48 kg m-3). This strategy ensured economic feasibility through 2.1 benefit-cost ratio, controlled soil salinity by 66.6% (ECe final = 6.8 dS m-1), and improved the yield sustainability coefficient to 0.88. Alternate irrigation (AWD) and subsurface drip systems (SDI) also conserved 34% and 47% of water, respectively, but owing to technical and economic constraints, the application of SDI was not typically instituted. The results confirm DSR's potential for relief of water stress in Lake Bakhshakhash and offer a long-term model for arid regions in Central Asia.

Keywords

References

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Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences
Volume 23, Issue 3
July 2025
Pages 685-690

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