Natural factors of formation and development of geosystems in the Qaratal River basin, Kazakhstan

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of the UNESCO Chair for Sustainable Development, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

2 Department of Biology and geography, Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan

3 Department of Ecology and Nature Management, Kyrgyz National University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

4 Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan

5 Department of Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Agrobiology Kazakh National Agrarian Research University

10.22124/cjes.2024.8338

Abstract

Given the effects of hydrology on geomorphology and changes in the land body by water flow and the creation of runoff flow, as well as the effect of the shape of basin, the type of basin in terms of geology, the slope of basin, etc., research on this matter becomes important. Damage to agricultural lands, lands, and facilities located on the banks of rivers and streams by running waters and floods can be prevented by careful study, infrastructure and well-documented planning. Given that the Qartal River basin in Kazakhstan is spread over a wide area, the study of the geomorphology of its basin is of particular importance. Therefore, this research aims to identify the factors effective in the formation and development of geosystems in this basin. First, geological, morphometric, and hydrological discussions have been conducted for the basin. In this study, hydrometric climatological data of physical and hydrological characteristics for the basin were analyzed, and it was determined that the aforementioned factors have complex relationships with each other and that the most important factor affecting the behavior of the river was climatic factors, especially the amount and type of rainfall. In this study, the potentials of the basin in terms of climate and water supply were identified and determined, which can be further exploited with careful management and planning.

Keywords

References

Abdullayev, I, Gurbanov, P, Shichiyakh, R, Zhuravlev, P, Aleshko, R & Tretyak, A 2024, Analysis of the Impact of Agriculture on the Socio-Economic Development of Municipalities. Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade, 17: 724-740.
Alhammadi, A, Rahmani, F, Izadi, A, Hajati, F, Farahani, SSS, Jabr, A, AL-Salman, W, Saneii, SM & Barzamini, R 2024, Prediction of Environmental Conditions of the Greenhouse Using Neural Networks Optimized with the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA). Journal of Power System Technology, 48: 622-635.
Bayandinova, S, Mamutov, Z & Issanova, G 2018, Natural factors of formation and development of geosystems in East Kazakhstan. Man-Made Ecology of East Kazakhstan, pp. 1-30, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6346-6_1.
Bo, XIAO, Qing-Hai, WANG, Jun, FAN, Feng-Peng, HAN & Quan-Hou, DAI 2011, Application of the SCS-CN model to runoff estimation in a small watershed with high spatial heterogeneity. Pedosphere, 21: 738-749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(11)60177-X.
Frolov, AA & Cherkashin, AK 2019, Microzonal geomorphological landscape differentiation and the degree of seriality of topogeosystems. Geography and Natural Resources, 40: 90-98, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/ S1875372819010128.
Hallet, B 1990, Spatial self-organization in geomorphology: from periodic bedforms and patterned ground to scale-invariant topography. Earth-Science Reviews, 29: 57-75, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-8252(0) 90028-T.
Hou, Y, Wang, L, Li, Z, Ouyang, X, Xiao, T, Wang, H & Nie, X 2024, Landscape fragmentation and regularity lead to decreased carbon stocks in basins: Evidence from century-scale research. Journal of Environmental Management, 367: 121937. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121937
Kabdrakhmanova, NK, Mussabayeva, MN, Atasoy, E, Zhensikbayeva, NZ & Kumarbekuly, S 2019, Landscape and recreational analysis of Yertis river upper part on the basis of basin approach (Kazakhstan). GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, Year XII, 27:1392-1400, ISSN 2065-1198, E-ISSN 2065-0817 DOI 10.30892/gtg.27423-442.
Kelly, SA, Takbiri, Z, Belmont, P & Foufoula-Georgiou, E 2017, Human amplified changes in precipitation–runoff patterns in large river basins of the Midwestern United States. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 21(10): 5065-5088. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5065-2017.
Kim, JC & Jung, K 2015, Fractal tree analysis of drainage patterns. Water Resources Management, 29: 1217-1230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0869-7.
Kusák, M 2014, Methods of fractal geometry used in the study of complex geomorphic networks. Auc Geographica, 49: 99-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/23361980.2014.19.
Mahmood, SA & Gloaguen, R 2012, Appraisal of active tectonics in Hindu Kush: Insights from DEM derived geomorphic indices and drainage analysis. Geoscience Frontiers, 3: 407-428, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.gsf.2011.12.002.
Martinez, F, Manriquez, H, Ojeda, A & Olea, G 2022, Organization patterns of complex river networks in Chile: A fractal morphology. Mathematics, 10(11): 1806, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/math10111806.
Miklós, L, Kočická, E, Izakovičová, Z, Kočický, D, Špinerová, A, Diviaková, A & Miklósová, V 2019, Landscape as a Geosystem. Springer International Publishing, pp, 11-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94024-3_2.
"Mirzaev, B, Мaмatov, F, Ergashev, I, Islomov, Y, Toshtemirov, B & Tursunov, O 2019, Restoring degraded rangelands in Uzbekistan. Procedia Environmental Science, Engineering and Management, 6: 395-404.
Mofidi, S, Mohammadi Torkashvand, A, Moeini, A, Pazira, E & Ahmadi, H 2023, Relationship between fractal dimensions of stream and morphometric characteristics of basin for the soil conservation from water erosion. International Journal of River Basin Management, 21: 299-309, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2021. 1981353.
Nikolopoulos, EI, Anagnostou, EN, Borga, M, Vivoni, ER & Papadopoulos, A 2011, Sensitivity of a mountain basin flash flood to initial wetness condition and rainfall variability. Journal of Hydrology, 402(3-4): 165-178, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.12.020.
Nikora, VI 1991, Fractal structures of river plan forms. Water Resources Research, 27(6): 1327-1333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR00095.
Patil, PN, Sawant, DV & Deshmukh, RN 2012, Physico-chemical parameters for testing of water: A review. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 3: 1194.
Shen, XH, Zou, LJ, Zhang, GF, Su, N, Wu, WY & Yang, SF 2011, Fractal characteristics of the main channel of Yellow River and its relation to regional tectonic evolution. Geomorphology, 127(1-2): 64-70. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.12.007.
Snytko, VA & Semenov, YM 2008, The study of geosystem structure, development and functioning in Siberia. Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego, pp. 141-150.
Tarikhazer, SA 2020, The geographical prerequisites for the identification and prevention of dangerous geomorphological processes in the mountain geosystems of the Alpine-Himalayan belt (on the example of the Major Caucasus of Azerbaijan). Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 29(1): 176-187, DOI: 10.15421/112016.
Tucker, GE & Slingerland, R 1997, Drainage basin responses to climate change. Water Resources Research, 33(8): 2031-2047, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR00409.
Vladimirov, IN, Vyrkin, VB, Ilyicheva, EA, Kobylkin, DV, Pavlov, MV & Zehong, L 2019, Natural Conditions and Ecological Potential of Geosystems in the Central Part of the Oka Plateau (Eastern Sayan), Geography and Natural Resources, 40: 264-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372819030090.
Wang, S, Ji, H, Zhan, Y, Li, H & Li, P 2020, Research on the model improvement of a DLA fractal river network. IEEE Access, 8: 100702-100711. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2997923.
Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences
Volume 22, Issue 5
Special Issue: Environmental Studies in the Caspian Littoral States, Guest Editors: Prof. Farhad Mashayekhi & Prof. Zivar Salehi
December 2024
Pages 1207-1213

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics