Assessment of different materials as a condensation nucleus

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Atmospheric Science Department, Collage of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

10.22124/cjes.2024.7594

Abstract

Condensation nuclei are one of the main factors in building the structure of the cloud during its formation stages, so it is the basic structure around which water vapor gathers by a specific mechanism to form a cloud droplet. However, this cloud soon disappears due to a defect in one of the conditions for its formation, and the fact is that the nuclei of condensation here are either few or increased due to convection currents caused by the winds, which are various materials present in the atmosphere. These materials are classified into liquefied and non-liquefied. according to the nature of those materials, which have the ability to attract water vapor molecules around them, So, the aim of this research was to study and discover some materials that may have the ability to be used in artificial seeding. A group of samples were collected such as carbon generators, Himalayan salt, pollen grains, Refrigerated helfa and analyzed by FT-IR and SEM devices, as well as examining the surface tension in unite Newton meter of each material separately. It was found that some of the analyzed materials were appeared as chemical compounds that behaved as liquefies. It was concluded that the most effective substance is K2CO3 which is present in pollen grains (4.296%), as well as CaO (26) %, Na2O in Himalayan salt (38.0%) and Refrigerated helfa which recorded the highest value for SiO2 (4.761%). The effectiveness of the surface tension was represented in the refrigerated helfa, where the surface tension decreased from 51.67 mN/m to 43.95 mN/m when adding each 0.5 g to the solution. Also, in the refrigerated helfa, the surface tension decreased from 55.3 mN/m to 47.89 mN/m when adding 0.5 g each time. In the case of the Himalayan salt, when the same amount of solution was added, the surface tension decreased from 68.3 mN/m to 49.44 mN/m when the solution was added gradually from 0.5 to 2 g for every 0.5.

Keywords

References

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Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Available Online from 21 February 2024

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