Optimum growth, enzymatic and biochemical reactions of stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus juveniles in response to the feeding frequency and exposure to environmental salinity

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Fisheries, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran

2 International Sturgeon Research Institute of the Caspian Sea, Iranian Fisheries Sciences research, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran

3 Inland Waters Aquaculture Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences research, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Anzali, Iran

10.22124/cjes.2024.7563

Abstract

The salinity and feeding frequency are two fundamental challenges in breeding stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus juveniles both for aquaculture and restocking purposes. We evaluated growth indices, biochemical and digestive enzymes, osmoregulation indices, and gill tissues of 810 stellate sturgeons (10.96 ± 0.89 g in weight and 12.64±0.96 cm in length) in 9 treatments including three salinity levels with three types of feeding during eight weeks of rearing. The treatments included two, four and six times (2T, 4T and 6T) of feeding in combination with zero, 6 and 12 ppt salinities (0‰, 6‰ and 12‰). The main growth indices and food efficiency exhibited an upward trend by increasing in salinity and feeding frequency. The average final weight and length in 6T + 12‰ were higher than in other treatments. In addition, the highest average condition factor was measured in 4T + 6‰ (p < 0.05). The average food conversion ratio of all treatments decreased compared to 2T + 0‰. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in 2T + 0‰, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in 6T + 6‰, 2T + 12‰, 4T + 12‰, 6T + 12‰, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in 4T+12‰ and 6T+12‰ were higher than in the other treatments (p < 0.05). The highest amount of amylase was measured in 2T + 6‰ and lipase in 6T + 0‰, 2T + 6‰, and 4T + 12‰ (p < 0.05). The results of the investigated indices showed that it is not necessary to increase meals at higher salinities. In addition, raising the salinity of the breeding environment to 6 ppt is favorable for safety factors and fish growth.

Keywords

References

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