Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Animal Feeding. Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy,49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, Russia
2
Department of Chemistry. Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, Russia
3
Department of Agrochemical, Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49, Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127550, Russia
10.22124/cjes.2023.7217
Abstract
The researchers of Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy conducted in 2013-2016 a long-term stationar experiment to study chemical and toxicological properties of fiber flax, Voskhod variety, growing on sod-podzolic soil in the soil and climate of the Moscow region. Test plots were selected with following crop rotation options: without fertilizers, without liming; without fertilizers, with liming; N100P150K120 (kg a.i./ha), without liming; N100P150K120, with liming; N100P150K120 + manure 20 ton/ha, without liming; N100P150K120 + manure 20 ton/ha, with liming. The agro-climatic conditions of the growing seasons during the research years did not have a negative impact on the growth and development of fiber flax, the hydro-thermal index was 1.1 in 2013, -1.05 in 2014, 1.5 in 2015, and 1.5 in 2016. The maintained crop rotation and the introduction of a full range of mineral and organic fertilizers has been found to contribute to high yields of flax in terms of fiber (18.5-18.9 hwt/ha) and seeds (7.9-8.3 hwt/ha). The seeds contain 16.9–19.5% protein and 33.5–39.4% lipids. The yield of flaxseed oil from seeds ranged from 19.5–35.7% on average for different variants of the experiment. The peroxide number index was 2.5-1.5 mg-eq O2/kg, the acid number index was 1.1-1.9 mg KOH/g, which corresponds to obtaining high-quality linseed oil in compliance with quality standards for all variants of the experiment. In the fatty acid composition of flaxseed oil, the content of total saturated fatty acids is 9.0–14.1%, the amount of unsaturated fatty acids is 85.9–91.0%, and a high content of essential α-linolenic acid is 46.9–60.9 %.
Keywords
)