Antimicrobial resistance properties, virulence characters and RAPD-PCR typing of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk and dairy samples

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinaty Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

10.22124/cjes.2023.7194

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus portion as an important food-borne pathogen is unmoving unidentified. This survey assessed the antibiotic resistance properties, molecular typing, and virulence characters of MRSA isolated from raw milk and dairy samples. Totally, 350 raw milk and dairy samples were examined for S. aureus. MRSA bacteria were identified using disk diffusion based on cefoxitin and oxacillin. Phenotypic and genotypic patterns of antibiotic resistance were assessed using disk diffusion and PCR, respectively. The PCR assessed the distribution of virulence characters. MRTSA typing was done using RAPD-PCR. Forty-five out of 350 (12.85%) raw milk and dairy samples were contaminated with S. aureus. Its distributions amongst the raw milk and dairy samples were 9.72% and 16.36%, respectively. Twenty-six strains out of 45 (57.77%) isolated S. aureus bacteria were determined as MRSA. These bacteria revealed the uppermost rate of resistance against cefoxitin (100%), ceftaroline (100%), penicillin (100%), tetracycline (92.30%), gentamicin (80.76%), erythromycin (69.23%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (69.23%). BlaCTX-M (100%) and blaZ (100%) were detected in all MRSA isolates. TetK (73.07%), aacA-D (69.23%), dfrA1 (50%), vanA (42.30%), ermA (42.30%), and msrA (42.30%) were the most routinely detected antibiotic-resistance determinants. PVL gene was detected in 69.23% of MRSA isolates. Coa (61.53%), hla (42.30%), and fnbA (38.46%) were also the most routinely detected virulence characters. MRSA isolates had a lower than 80% similarity pattern and were characterized in the same group. Simultaneous presence of virulence and antibiotic- resistance determinants amongst the MDR-MRSA bacteria suggests an imperative threat rendering contaminated raw milk and dairy consumption.

Keywords


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