University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Floristic composition in Baraki Barak district, Logar Province, Afghanistan 297 313 7694 10.22124/cjes.2024.7694 EN Mohammad Hanif Rasikh Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Marzieh Beygom Faghir Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Asghar Zamani Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Journal Article 2024 04 08 Floristic studies are the first step towards understanding ecological conditions, plant geography, identification of new plant species, destructive factors in natural habitats and conservation of genetic resources. The present study provides an analysis of the floristic composition, life form and chorology of the plant species of Baraki Barak district, located southeast Kabul in Logar province. All plant specimens were collected in summer 2020 and spring 2021. The plant specimens were dried, transferred to the herbarium of the University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran and identified using Identification keys. The results led to the identification of 120 species of angiosperms belonging to 97 genera and 31 families. Asteraceae (23 species), Brassicaceae and Fabaceae (10 species each) were the largest families in the region. The results showed that therophytes with 54 species (45.37%) and hemicryptophytes with 42 species (35.29%) were the most abundant life forms in the region. In terms of geographical distribution, most species belong to pluriregional (27.50 %) and Irano-Turanian elements (18.33 %). In addition, the current results led to the identification of three and 15 new species for Afghanistan and Logar Province, respectively

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_7694_2e7a5d33c5c90638e90081f26b8b9188.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Monitoring the spatial changes of river water quality through the fusion of Landsat 8 images and statistical models (A case study: Sefidroud River, Northwest Iran) 315 326 8685 10.22124/cjes.2025.8685 EN Yosef Pourhabib Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran Ebrahim Fataei Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran Fatemeh Nasehi Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran Behnam Khanizadeh Department of Chemistry, Sarab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarab, Iran Hossein Saadati Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran 0000-0002-5531-3720 Journal Article 2025 04 22 The present study determined the relationship between spectral reflectance of satellite images and water quality parameters (WQPs) to monitor water quality of Sefidroud River in Northwest Iran. The data of 12 WQPs were obtained from the regional water department in four hydrometric stations during 2013-2018. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the number of WQPs. After pre-processing 19 Landsat 8 images simultaneously with WQPs sampling and fusing panchromatic band with spectral bands and increasing the band resolution to 15 × 15 m, the findings were employed to determine the relationship between spectral reflectance and band ratios. The PCA results revealed that Sum A (sum of anions), Sum C (sum of cations), TDS and EC were in the first principal component and HCO3- in the second principal component. The relationship of these five WQPs was statistically investigated with seven single spectral bands and 21 band ratios using regression models and curve estimation, thereby choosing the best regression model. Sum A, TDS and EC was correlated with band 5, Sum C with band ratio 4/3, and HCO3- with band 6 (R = 70%). Mapping spatial changes in WQPs using regression models and spectral data indicated higher values in the upstream areas prior to Manjil Dam, decreased values in the dam inflow, while increased those in its outflow. The research results highlighted the usefulness of Landsat 8 images for water quality monitoring.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8685_7562f899c42073d34aec8833f7c81ded.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Using innovative technological methods for monitoring and accounting of rare and endangered species of wild animals in Kazakhstan 327 333 8699 10.22124/cjes.2025.8699 EN Laura M. Burshakbayeva Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Serik Narbayev Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Raikhan A. Arynova Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Ainur S. Assylbekova Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Saule R. Kazikhanova Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Nazgul M. Nurgozhayeva Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Nurikhan A. Akhmetzhanova Department of Hunting and Fisheries, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical Research University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan Alexandr A. Berber Public Association “Temirtau City Society of Hunters and Fishermen”, Karaganda Region, Temirtau City, Republic of Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 04 30 Preservation of endangered and rare wildlife species in Kazakhstan, especially symbolic species such as the Kazakh argali, Bukhara gazelle, Saiga, Turkmen Kulan, and Jayran, requires using advanced and accurate methods of monitoring and recording. Advanced technologies for the monitoring and population management of these species are presented in this study. With the help of intelligent camera traps, satellite tracking (GPS/GSM), geographic information systems (GIS), and big data analysis, finer details about the distribution, habits, and dangers of such species can be collected. Artificial intelligence and image processing-based technologies also play an important role in automatically determining species through photographs and camera trap images taken with drones. For example, satellite monitoring and machine learning tracking of the Saiga population has provided increased accuracy in numbers and identification of critical habitats. The recovery of Bukhara and Turkmen Kulan has also allowed for improved management of migrations and anti-poaching with the help of real-time tracking technology. This study has shown that integration of traditional practices with advanced technology not only increases the accuracy and efficiency of the field work but also immensely supports the formulation of conservation plans scientifically.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8699_9d45bb81626a60adc64423a591b1e885.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Agroforestry as a nature-based climate resilience strategy: Addressing desertification and land degradation in the Kazakh Kyzylkum Desert’s marginal agroecosystems 335 342 8681 10.22124/cjes.2025.8681 EN Aktam U. Burkhanov DSc in Economics, Professor, Alfraganus University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Suluv Y. Khamidova Tashkent State University of Economics 49, Islam Karimov Str., 100066, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Baxriddin X. Boltayev Head of the Department of Network Economics, Termez State University of Engineering and Agrotechnologies, Uzbekistan Norqobil Nurmatov Head of the Department of Chemistry and Biology, Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan Ravshan I. Shirov Associate Professor, Department of Digital Economics, Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Uzbekistan Muratkul M. Abduraimov Samarkand State Architecture and Construction University, Uzbekistan Abdiraxman Saparov Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Nukus, Uzbekistan Zavqiddin Ravshanov Associate Professor of the Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov, Uzbekistan Nafisa Ganieva Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Ibrokhim Sapaev Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan & University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Str. Gavhar 1, Tashkent 100149, Uzbekistan & Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan Rakhmonali R. Obidov International School of Finance Technology and Science, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Bunyod Usmonov Tashkent State University of Economics 49, Islam Karimov str., 100066, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Shoh-Jakhon Khamdamov PhD, Associate Professor, Mamun University, Khiva City, 220900, Uzbekistan Journal Article 2025 04 17 Agroforestry, being a nature-based climate resilience strategy, plays a central role in desertification reversal and land degradation in the Kyzylkum Desert marginal agricultural ecosystems of Kazakhstan. Due to climate change, wind and soil erosion, and reduced rainfall, the region is facing 1.5 to 2 percent yearly degradation of cropland and a 30 percent decline in agricultural productivity over the past four decades. Field measurements and satellite imagery analysis show that the integration of native trees such as saxaul (Haloxylon spp.) into agricultural systems has increased vegetation cover by 15 to 30 percent, improved soil moisture by 20 percent, and reduced wind erosion by 40 percent in pilot areas over the past 10 years. Moreover, carbon sequestration in these integrated ecosystems has been increased by up to 10 tons per hectare, which effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions. This strategy will not only strengthen the resilience of local communities to recurring droughts but also ensure food security and sustainable livelihoods by restoring 5,000 hectares of degraded lands by 2030. The outcomes of this research underscore the need to develop integrated natural resource management policies and combine indigenous knowledge with modern technologies.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8681_9bc1ac273f70931ea68c56d6271204d8.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Prospects for development of organic crop production and its impact on the ecology of the region 343 354 8706 10.22124/cjes.2025.8706 EN Alexander A. Bykov Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Liudmila I. Khoruzhy Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Natalya F. Zaruk Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Journal Article 2025 05 03 The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that in the modern world, society is increasingly paying attention to environmental problems and the population is concerned about healthy nutrition. Excessive intensification in crop production, increasing demand for organic products, and support of public health force society to take a new look at organic agriculture and its impact on the ecology of the region. The study's results allowed us to determine that producing organic products contributes to preserving ecosystems and reduces the negative impact on the environment. The article presents the stages of development of organic farming in the world and the features of its development in the region (based on the materials of Siberia). Based on SWOT analysis, strengths and weaknesses were identified as opportunities and threats to the development of production and market of organic crop products. The largest producers and suppliers of organic products to the market have been identified. Additionally, the principles of organizational and economic mechanisms of development of the organic products market have been proposed, as well as measures that contribute to its development on the main elements of the market: supply and demand for organic products, competition, and export. Moreover, the main components of the growth of organic crop production in Siberia, considering the region's peculiarities, are also identified. Furthermore, a cluster model for producing organic products in the Novosibirsk region has been developed. In addition, a cognitive approach model aimed at increasing demand for organic products and preserving the region's ecosystem is presented. Based on the research results, directions and measures to promote the development of organic production in the region are identified. A cognitive approach model aimed at increasing demand for organic products and preserving the ecosystem was developed.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8706_5b50fccbc2d5c0333b4bab64992e518f.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Comprehensive molecular genetic characterization of the ICE1 gene in Arum korolkowii and functional insights into its encoded protein 355 367 8647 10.22124/cjes.2025.8647 EN Aliya Nagiyeva Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan University, Kazakhstan Gulzhaina Alpamyssova Department of Biotechnology, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Yakub Ametov Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Hamdam Tursunboev Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Maxmut Allamuratov Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Zukhra Aytmuratova Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Akmaral Alpisbaeva Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Dilfuza Bekniyazova Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Aigerim Yeginbay Department of Biotechnology, M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Assilbek Burabaev 3South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Altunbek Burabaev South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 04 08 A novel gene, AkICE1, and the protein it encodes were molecularly and genetically characterized from Arum korolkowii, a rare endemic species listed in Kazakhstan's Red Book. This plant faces increasing threats from environmental stress, particularly cold stress, exacerbated by climate change. Understanding the genetic mechanisms that underlie cold stress tolerance in such endemic species is critical for conservation and biodiversity preservation. The complete sequence of the AkICE1 gene (2847 bp) was obtained and deposited in GenBank (accession number OR736143). The gene comprises three exons and two introns, encoding a protein of 545 amino acids. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that AkICE1 shares conserved domains with other ICE1 proteins, such as the MYC-like basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain, a serine-rich region (S-rich), and a zipper region (ZIP), all of which are typical of cold stress-related transcription factors. The protein also contains a nuclear localization signal (NLS), suggesting its role in the nucleus as a transcription factor. Additionally, the presence of a sumoylation site, which is crucial for the activation and stability of ICE1 proteins, was identified in AkICE1, indicating that its activity may be regulated by SUMO E3 ligase. The structural analysis predicted 8 alpha helices, 3 beta turns, and 11 coils in the protein, with phosphorylation sites for serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues, further supporting its involvement in cold stress regulation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that AkICE1 shares the highest sequence similarity with the ICE1 gene of Colocasia esculenta, highlighting its functional conservation within the Aroid family. These findings establish AkICE1 as a novel ICE1-like transcription factor that likely plays a crucial role in cold stress adaptation in A. korolkowii. The study contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms of cold stress regulation in endemic species, which can aid in developing conservation strategies and breeding programs to improve the resilience of A. korolkowii and other endemic plants to environmental stresses.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8647_9ef751e23d94265ab8d06f7a1c7551fb.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Development of a strategy for the conservation of rare and endangered species of medicinal plants in Kazakhstan 369 375 8708 10.22124/cjes.2025.8708 EN Jansulu Yessenbayeva Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Orazkul Duisenbekova Department “Standardization, certification and Metrology” Non_profit Joint_Stock Company” K.I. Satpayev Kazakh National Research Technical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Gabit Sharipov Department of Civil Defense and Military Training of the Malik Gabdullin Academy of Civil Protection of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan Marzhankul Dauletbayeva Department of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Roza Zhumakhanova Auezov South Kazakhstan State University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan Bayan Toуzhigitova Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan Sarzhan Sharipova Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Zhaniha Lessova Department Food biotechnology, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 04 Being home to over 6,000 plant species, Kazakhstan is a world leader when it comes to biodiversity hotspots, and nearly 150 plant species of medicinal value are on the verge of extinction. According to the Red Book of Kazakhstan (2021), there are 42 species of medicinal plants in Kazakhstan that are "endangered" and "critically endangered," the main reason for which is loss of habitat (55%), over-harvesting (30%), and climate change (15%). Aiming for a comprehensive conservation plan, this research focuses on the site of major distribution areas of endemics such as Rheum tataricum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis, constructing a living gene bank with more than 1,000 seed specimens, and enhancing local community participation. It also suggests creating more stringent legislation to curb illegal harvesting and increasing protected territories to 20% by the year 2030. Preliminary findings suggest that the execution of this approach can guarantee the survival of 80% of the target species within the decade.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8708_352dbd4c8fbc5170c75c0df19d7a0c5e.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Extraction of phytoecdysteroids from the endemic medicinal plant, Silene brahuica Boiss. 377 383 8687 10.22124/cjes.2025.8687 EN Marat Tynykulov Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan Anna Kornilova Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, M. Kozybaev North Kazakhstan State University, Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan Rimma Kozhagaliyeva Head of educational programs for the training of teachers of biology, geography, chemistry, Faculty of Natural Geography, Department of Biology and Ecology, M. Utemisov West Kazakhstan University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Samalbek Kossanov Botanical Garden and Greenhouse, Department of Biology, Geography and Chemistry, Korkyt ata Kyzylorda State University, Kyzylorda, Kazakhstan Gulmira Kyzdarbekova Department of Biology and Teaching Methods, Pedagogical Institute, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan Saule Bazarbaeva Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, M. Kozybaev North Kazakhstan State University, Petropavlovsk, Kazakhstan Zhannar Gumarova Department of Industrial Ecology, Institute of Veterinary and Agricultural Technologies, Zhangir Khan West- Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Murat Nurushev Higher School of Natural Sciences, Astana International University, Astana, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 04 22 Indigenous plant drugs are a significant contributor to the developmental process of natural drugs as a rich source of bioactive metabolites. Isolation and characterization of phytoecdysteroids from the endemic species, Silene brahuica found in Kazakhstan were carried out keeping in mind the estimation of compounds concentrations and determination of their medical potential. After ethanol extraction from the aerial parts of the plant (extract yield: 12.5% w/w), purification was conducted with silica gel column chromatography and advanced HPLC. Identification by NMR and LC-MS/MS spectroscopy of three major phytoecdysteroid compounds, i.e., 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) at a level of 2.3 mg g-1 dry weight, polypodin B (0.8 mg g-1) and ajusteroid A (0.5 mg g-1), was confirmed by the findings. Comparison with other species of Silene revealed that S. brahuica had a 30-50% greater amount of 20E than the worldwide average. Bioassays also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity (IC50: 18.5 μg mL-1 in inhibition of COX-2) and significant antioxidant activity (EC50: 42.3 μg mL-1 in DPPH test). The overall purity efficiency was found to be 85% and the final purity of the compounds was ≥ 98.7%. These findings point to the excellent potential of S. brahuica as a prospective source for the production of ecdysteroid-derived medicines and the necessity of protecting the endemic Kazakhstani genetic pool.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8687_a6d8fde644b919bf08e70cbb5b349831.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Experience of forming repair and brood stocks of sturgeon fish: Studies on the example of Siberian sturgeon and sterlet 385 396 8720 10.22124/cjes.2025.8720 EN Aigerim Aitkaliyeva Al Farabi Kazakh National University PhD - student, Head of the Test Center, LLP "Fisheries Research and Production Center", Almaty, Kazakhstan Saule Assylbekova Al Farabi Kazakh National University PhD - student, Head of the Test Center, LLP "Fisheries Research and Production Center", Almaty, Kazakhstan Alexander Lozovskiy Astrakhan State University named after V.N. Tatishchev, Professor of the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Astrakhan, Russia Nailya Bulavina Al Farabi Kazakh National University PhD - student, Head of the Test Center, LLP "Fisheries Research and Production Center", Almaty, Kazakhstan Gulmira Ablaisanova Al Farabi Kazakh National University PhD - student, Head of the Test Center, LLP "Fisheries Research and Production Center", Almaty, Kazakhstan Berdibek Abilov . Al Farabi Kazakh National University PhD - student, Head of the Test Center, LLP "Fisheries Research and Production Center", Almaty, Kazakhstan Farizat Altayeva Al Farabi Kazakh National University PhD - student, Head of the Test Center, LLP "Fisheries Research and Production Center", Almaty, Kazakhstan Zhanar Omarova Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Al Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 05 The conservation and restoration of valuable, rare, and endemic fish species in Kazakhstan, such as the Irtysh sterlet and Nelma, are critical priorities under national and international biodiversity frameworks. Increasing anthropogenic pressures, including poaching and habitat alteration, threaten these species, necessitating artificial reproduction and broodstock development to support their populations. This study evaluates the domestication and rearing of wild sterlet, Acipenser ruthenus and Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) in Kazakhstan. Morphometric, physiological, and hydrochemical parameters were analyzed to assess broodstock viability, growth performance, and adaptation to captive conditions. Results indicate successful domestication of wild sterlet, with optimal hydrochemical conditions (temperature: 14.3–22.3°C, dissolved oxygen: 7.0–9.9 m L-1, pH: 7.0–7.5) supporting sturgeon rearing. Fulton’s condition factor increased with age, suggesting effective feeding regimes. Challenges remain in early sex determination, gonad maturation, and feed adaptation, particularly for wild-caught females. The study demonstrates the feasibility of forming sturgeon broodstocks in Kazakhstan’s aquaculture systems, providing a foundation for conservation and commercial production while highlighting the need for further research on reproductive biotechnology and stress mitigation in domesticated stocks.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8720_8ad9f48e4a3325b8634dc9c77bb44557.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Contamination of crops and productivity of rice in various ways of its aerobic cultivation and irrigation 397 407 8722 10.22124/cjes.2025.8722 EN Aizada Sembayeva Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Zhumagali Ospanbayev Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Ainur Doszhanova Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Muhit Bekbauov Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Alma Saikenova Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak, Kazakhstan Karima Myrzabek Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Makpal Kanatkyzy Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak, Kazakhstan Dzhulduz Abildayeva Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almalybak, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 06 The article presents the results of research conducted in the conditions of the foothill irrigation zone of the South-east Kazakhstan. The features of grain harvest formation and the degree of contamination of rice crops have been studied, depending on irrigation methods, timing and methods of sowing, and methods of weed control. The research results have shown that in conditions of irrigation in the South-east Kazakhstan, sufficiently high yields of rice can be obtained by aerobic cultivation using fine sprinkling or drip irrigation. At the same time, effective ways of weed control have been identified, forming a favorable phytosanitary condition of rice crops without traditional irrigation with flooding. The results of studies on the contamination of rice crops with various methods of weed control, irrigation, timing and methods of sowing are presented.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8722_6f163bac23ca9a4875351016168e34a5.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Solar energy transition in Rural Kazakhstan: Assessing socioeconomic barriers, infrastructure feasibility, and carbon reduction pathways in arid agro-pastoral regions 409 415 8648 10.22124/cjes.2025.8648 EN Anvar Z. Avlokulov Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Islom N. Kuziev Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Farxodjon Ochilov Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Otaxon Q. Qushmatov Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Ziyodulla A. Khakimov DSc in Economics, Professor of Alfraganus University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Abdulaziz A. Abdusalimov Department of Financial analysis, Tashkent state University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Behzod Nuraliyev Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Muxammadi I. Xayitboyev Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Inomjon K. Sherimbetov Department of Audit, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Muhabbat V. Imomova Senior Lecturer, Department of Finance, Termez State University, Uzbekistan Abdumadjit Suyunov Professor of the Department of Human Resource Management of Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, University Boulevard, 15, Samarkand, 703004, Uzbekistan Dilafruz Vafoyeva Associate Professor of the Department of Management, International School of Finance Technology and Science, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Umida K. Khodjaniyazova Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Uzbekistan Journal Article 2025 04 08 The transition to solar energy in rural Kazakhstan, especially in arid and agro-pastoral zones, despite the enormous potential for solar radiation (of about 2200 kWh/m2/year), is hindered by socioeconomic and infrastructural barriers. Based on field research, 300 rural household interviews, and techno-economic analysis, this paper documents evidence that 65% of the households do not have the financial ability to make a transition to clean energy. This is because up-front investment is unaffordable (over 2 million tenge for mini solar systems), and there are no government subsidies. Furthermore, 40% of the interviewees resist the adoption of solar technologies due to the lack of technical data and the perceived unreliability of the systems. From an infrastructure perspective, 70% of the research villages lack an electricity supply network, and the current dependence on diesel generators results in an annual emission of 2.5 tons of carbon dioxide per household. Simulations show that the installation of small solar power plants (5-10 kW) with battery storage would reduce carbon emissions in such regions by up to 75% and achieve a reduction of up to 18 million tons of greenhouse gas emissions over a decade. To make this transition happen, there must be a combination of enabling policies, widespread education of the local population, and participation of the private sector in the development of infrastructure.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8648_ae3ebadb2ab6574d08f856a447c78578.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Cultivation of the Australian red-clawed crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus as a new aquaculture facility in the industrial conditions of fish farms in Uzbekistan 417 424 8756 10.22124/cjes.2025.8756 EN Ziyodulla Khakimov Alfraganus University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Nurali Uralovich Arabov Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Samarkand, Uzbekistan Liliya Khabibullina Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sina. Bukhara, Uzbekistan Saodat Lapasovna Alibekova Institute of Human Resources and Community Development Management, Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov, Samarkand, Uzbekistan Dildorakhon Nabieva Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Alisher Bakberganovich Sherov Mamun University, Bolkhovuz Str., 220900 Khiva, Khorezm region, Uzbekistan Akram Khalmurоdovich Mamatkulov Tashkent State University of Economics 49, Islam Karimov str., 100066, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Farrux Qodirov Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute, Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan Imomov Musurmon Shahrisabz State Pedagogical Institute, Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan Bobojonov Otabek Urgench State University, Uzbekistan Yulduzxon Sunnatillayevna Abulkasimova Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Irina Andreevna Yulaeva Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan Berdikulov Khudoyshukur Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan Journal Article 2025 05 14 This study explores the farming of the crayfish species Cherax quadricarinatus in fish farms within Uzbekistan. The focus is on expanding aquaculture by introducing new species. Researchers evaluated how well this crayfish can grow and adapt under controlled conditions. These conditions included temperatures of 25-28 °C, minimal salinity, and a neutral pH level, observed over a six-month period. The findings were encouraging: the crayfish gained an average of 45 grams, achieved a daily growth rate of 1.8%, and required 1.6 units of feed to gain one unit of weight. The survival rate reached 85%, indicating that the species adapts well to Uzbekistan’s climate. From an economic standpoint, farming these crayfish appears to be highly profitable. With a production yield of at least 3 tons per hectare annually, the potential return on investment exceeds 30%. Additionally, implementing water recovery systems and low-energy technology can enhance the project’s environmental sustainability. This research represents a critical step towards reducing reliance on conventional aquaculture species and supporting economic development in landlocked areas like Uzbekistan.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8756_ff37605d3c0aa0b5535c68c482d8bc77.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Cultivation of irrigated crops in the application of biochar technology in the Southeast Kazakhstan 425 435 8757 10.22124/cjes.2025.8757 EN Ainur Doszhanova Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Meiramgul Mussina Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Gulbaram Nurgaliyeva Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Kizatola Mukhametkarimov Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Almaty, Kazakhstan Akylbek Nurgaliyev Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Aizada Sembayeva Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 14 Based on the establishment and field experiments in two agroecological zones of southeastern Kazakhstan, optimal methods, doses, and ratios of applying biochar to the main irrigated crops have been developed, and the features of their growth and development, crop formation, and product quality have been studied. Introducing biochar in doses of 15-20 tons ha-1 for basic tillage helps to improve the bulk weight and increases the content of agronomically valuable and durable aggregates of the arable soil layer.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8757_def9dd7c62e4fdc08e9c021f83bbd170.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Formation of a sugar beet crop with subsurface drip irrigation, depending on the methods of sowing and sealing the drip tape 437 446 8758 10.22124/cjes.2025.8758 EN Zhumagali Ospanbayev Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Ainur Doszhanova Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Aizada Sembayeva Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Gulnar Ilmaliyeva Department “Standardization, Certification and Metrology ”Non_Profit Joint_Stock Company” K.I. Satpayev Kazakh National Research Technical University Perspective Materials and Technology LLP, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Markhabat Batyrkhanov LLC “Shitemir” Production of Medicinal Products for Veterinary Medicine, Almaty, Kazakhstan Elmira Aimbetova Institute of Ecological Problems, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan Indira Raiymbekova Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, Almaty, Kazakhstan Balgyn Amanbay Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, Department of Biology, Almaty, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 14 The article presents the results of studies conducted in the conditions of light chestnut soil in the foothill irrigated zone of Southeastern Kazakhstan. The features of the accumulation of biomass and the formation of the density of standing sugar beet plants with various methods of its sowing, depending on the methods of sealing the drip tape, have been studied. The most effective method of obtaining high yields of sugar beet with subsurface drip irrigation is five-line sowing, where the yield of sugar beet roots reaches 200 or more tons per hectare. In this case, sealing the drip tape to a depth of 30-40 cm at a distance of 100 cm is the most effective. The results of studies on the contamination of sugar beet crops are presented, where a significant decrease in the number of weeds was noted when sealing a drip tape to a depth of 40 cm and five-line sowing of seeds.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8758_1a1efc6d168fd363b4c6c3be25f8cefa.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Technological Modes for Obtaining Pectin from Melon 447 461 8109 10.22124/cjes.2024.8109 EN Zaira Uikassova Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Auelbek Iztayev Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Sanavar Azimova Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Zulfiya Konarbayeva M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Sultan Sabraly Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Aibala Taspoltayeva M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Khussainova Sunita Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan Journal Article 2024 10 29 The article presents the results of studies of pectin-containing melons from melon crops of the Torpedo variety, the most common in the southern region of Kazakhstan, including Kyzylorda, Turkestan, Zhambyl, Almaty, and Zhetysu regions. Melons, after ripening, require special processing and storage conditions; under unfavorable conditions, they quickly deteriorate and become unfit for consumption. In this regard, there is a need to reduce melon losses to a minimum using resource-saving integrated technology for processing melons into components: peel, pulp, and seed materials. Based on their deep processing, it will receive nanostructured powders from these components. Studies of the content of pectin and other chemicals allow us to scientifically substantiate the principles of constructing a technological scheme for processing melons and the effective use of component powders for food production, depending on the content of pectin and other chemical elements. In this article, the effects of different hydromodule ratios on pectin yield are studied in detail. At the same time, special attention is paid to the content and production of pectin under optimal conditions of the hydromodule (1:10), taking into account the influencing technological factors such as acidity (K, deg) temperature (t, ℃) and the duration of pectin extraction (τ, hour). The article presents the scientific and practical values of pectin substances from melon and comprehensively analyses all areas of influence and technological factors on 12 quality and safety indicators from у1 to у12 pectin extract. Regression models have been developed to describe their changes. For the first time, mathematical modeling and optimization of technological modes of pectin obtained from extracts of the melon variety "Torpedo" were built.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8109_cf6d36f0e30efd6310b2e8c27781343d.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Pet food supplements from the bone waste of canned tuna factories 463 469 7083 10.22124/cjes.2023.7083 EN Roholla Namdar Taleshani Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran Haniyeh Rostamzad Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran Seyyed Mahdi Mousavi Department of Veterinary Medicine of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran Journal Article 2023 09 10 The aim of this study was to optimize the use of bone waste from tuna canneries. So, bone waste from yellowfin tuna was used to produce dietary supplement tablets for cats. The supplement tablets were made from a combination of 2.5 g bone meal and consumed by two groups of domestic cats. Each group consisted of 3 kittens and the number of feedings was two meals per day including group 1: 1 tablet per meal; group 2: 2 tablets per meal. At the end of the period (21 days), the blood samples of the treated cats were analysed for their calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus contents. The results showed a significant increase in the level of calcium in the blood of the cats. Based on the results obtained in this study and the large amount of waste from fish canneries, it is suggested that bone powder be used to improve the mineral content in the blood of cats.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_7083_de1594edfa0ee40ba8e4efbd061e9a4e.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Phytoremediation potential of tree species in soil contaminated with lead and cadmium 471 479 8073 10.22124/cjes.2024.8073 EN Behrouz Kord Department of Green Space Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Malayer Branch, Malayer, Iran Amin Khademi Department of Green Space Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Malayer Branch, Malayer, Iran Morteza Madanipour Kermanshahi Department of Environment, Islamic Azad University, Parand Branch, Parand, Iran Sara Pourabbasi Department of Green Space Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Malayer Branch, Malayer, Iran Seyed Armin Hashemi Department of Forestry, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Lahijan, Iran Journal Article 2024 10 15 Phytoremediation is an economical and environmentally friendly technology in which the selection of species capable of adapting to contaminated environmental conditions is essential. This study aimed to investigate the rate of purification of lead (Pb)- and cadmium (Cd)- contaminated soil by Pine, Pinus eldarica Medw., Cypress, Cupressus arizonica Greene., Locust tree, Robinia peseudoacacia L., Elm tree, Ulmus carpinifolia var. umbraculifera Rehd. and Ash, Fraxinus rotundifolia Mill. in Tehran. For this purpose, in the summer 2022 to provide the control and contaminated sites, according to the dominant wind direction, for any tree species, a transect was chosen, each with 10 selected trees. The sampling of leaves and roots of trees was performed in a completely-randomized statistical design with three replications. Afterward, Pb and Cd concentrations in each were measured using Perkin Elmer 3030 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the Pb and Cd concentrations in the tree leave and roots in the contaminated sites were higher than in the control site. Also, Pine, Cypress, and Locust exhibited the highest translocation factor (TF) of Pb (3.49 ppm, 2.99 ppm, and 2.82 ppm), and Cd (3.35 ppm, 2.83 ppm, and 1.92 ppm) from their roots to leaves. According to this issue and suitable adaptation conditions, these three species can be used to purify lead and cadmium contaminated soil in similar areas.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8073_15f2acf9f8bc3c9f927d701d89b48236.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Uncovering the hidden patterns of fire risks: A cluster analysis approach (K-Medoids and FCM) for Hyrcanian Forest in Iran 481 493 7977 10.22124/cjes.2024.7977 EN Shaghayegh Zolghadri Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran Mehrdad Ghodskhah Daryaei Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran Kamran Nasirahmadi Assistant Professor, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Mazandaran Esmaeil Ghajar Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran Journal Article 2024 08 31 Forest fires have become a significant environmental concern in the Hyrcanian Forest, causing extensive loss of vegetation and posing a threat to biodiversity. Accurate prediction of high-risk fire locations is crucial for effective forest management. In this study, we developed and evaluated a clustering-based model using a multilayer perceptron artificial neural network with an error backpropagation training procedure to model fire risk potential in Saravan Forest, Guilan Province, North Iran. To optimize generalization, the model utilized two unsupervised clustering-specific procedures, namely Fuzzy C-Means and k-Medoids. The primary focus of our study was on the model's ability to predict potential fire risk locations, which is essential for forest fire prevention and control. The input criteria included recorded fire incidents, distances to farmland, roads, rivers, air pressure, solar radiation, slope, aspect, wind speed, and percentage of canopy cover density. The results showed that the procedure of the two algorithms used in this study in allocating potential fire hazard points is highly similar, differing mainly in the methodology employed for data center allocation. According to the results, the RMSE, R2, and MSE for the model used in this study are respectively equal to 0.2861, 99.38, and 0.01919, which indicates the reliability of the model. Moreover, according to the Confusion matrix analysis table's results, FCM was slightly better than K-medoids in terms of its predictive accuracy. This model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting fire hazards, showing promising potential for forest fire prediction using clustering-based models. Additionally, our model exhibited superior performance compared to other clustering techniques for identifying potential fire hazard sites. Our developed clustering-based model provides valuable insights for forest managers to identify locations at fire risk, enabling more efficient resource allocation and preventative measures. This approach can significantly improve forest fire management and reduce ecological damage caused by wildfires.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_7977_aa0ac1b21d0f849b4091619980af1349.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Creation of in vivo and in vitro collection of selected forms of endemic wild apricot Armeniaca vulgaris (Lam) with economic viability 495 499 8709 10.22124/cjes.2025.8709 EN Toigul Nurseitova Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Gulzhan Zhaksybayeva Department Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Ayagoz Mendigaliyeva Department of Physical Culture and Informatics, West Kazakhstan Innovative Technological University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Elmira Akkereyeva Institute of Veterinary and Agrotechnology, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agricultural Technical Universit, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Roza Bakessova Department of Physical Culture and Informatics, West Kazakhstan Innovative Technological University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Assel Arystanova Department of Physical Culture and Informatics, West Kazakhstan Innovative Technological University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Serik Bakirov Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Ainagul Mukhomedyarova Institute of Veterinary and Agrotechnology, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agricultural Technical Universit, Uralsk, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 04 The wild apricot tree, Armeniaca vulgaris, is a special native species that is important for both the natural environment and the economy in farming areas of Kazakhstan. This study focused on developing selected forms of this tree in both natural environments and lab settings to evaluate their economic benefits. Initially, we gathered top-performing samples from different regions, picking them based on how they grow, their resistance to difficult conditions, and the quality of their fruits. Lab techniques, specifically tissue culture, were then used to rapidly grow these samples and preserve their genetic material. We discovered significant differences in their organic contents, such as vitamin C and phenols, and in their physical traits among the various groups. Early findings revealed 15 outstanding types with strong economic advantages. These types produced 20-35% more fruit than the regional average and have excellent potential for establishing sustainable orchards and processing industries. Using both traditional and modern scientific methods, this study provides an approach to preserving and economically utilizing Kazakhstan's native genetic resources.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8709_a48eb75479eb8ae68090a7d61f39650b.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 A comprehensive review of temperature-dependent factors influencing the survival and adaptation of Arum korolkowii 501 510 8649 10.22124/cjes.2025.8649 EN Gulzhaina Alpamyssova Department of Biotechnology, M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Aigerim Yeginbay Department of Biotechnology, M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Tangirbergen Juginisov University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Gayrat Matrasulov University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Nargiza Ametova University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Berik Nurimov University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Sharipa Ayimbetova University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Sayyora Ermatova Angren University, Faculty of Treatment case, Angren, 110200, Uzbekistan Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh, Faculty of Biology, Nukus, 230112, Uzbekistan Assilbek Burabaev South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Altunbek Burabaev South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 04 08 Physiological, biochemical, molecular, and genetic responses of the wild plant Arum korolkowii to different degrees of high-temperature effects were studied. Physiological and biochemical responses of the seedlings to high hardening and damaging temperatures varied with the range of the temperature and the exposure time. This resulted in some diminution of hydration of leaf tissues, increased resilience of plants against heat stress, and growth inhibition. However, plants only temporarily became more heat resistant as a result of harmful temperatures, which also caused growth to completely stop and the hydration of leaf tissues to drastically decline. The dearth of experimental data in this area and the lack of theoretical investigation of the population approach to medicinal plant resource conservation highlight the importance of this study. Given the aforementioned difficulties, it is clear that research on red-listed species is important both domestically in Kazakhstan and internationally. In this regard, our study made it possible to examine Arum Korolkov (Arum korolkowii Regel), a medicinal plant species that is red-listed and located in Kazakhstani territory.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8649_c084fa066a8f356c23e6dfb4feb2a5bb.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Hesperidin, a flavone glycoside isolated from citrus fruits, can be used to facilitate Chlorpyrifos pollution side effect 511 522 8222 10.22124/cjes.2024.8222 EN Osaid T. Al Meanazel Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan Mohammad I. Alharasees Department of Agricultural Sciences, Part-time Lecturer at Al-shoubak University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan Lama M. Al-Tarawneh Department of Agricultural Sciences, Part-time Lecturer, Al-shoubak University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan Sahar Al-Habahbeh Department of Service courses, Faculty of Art and Science, Lecturer at Aqaba University of Technology Aqaba, Jordan Nadine N. Abdelhadi Department of clinical pharmacy and pharmacy practice , Faculty of pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology . Jordan I.B. Sapaev Head of the Department «Physics and Chemistry», “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan & Scientific researcher, University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan & Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan Shouket A. Tilwani College of Science and Humanities, Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia Journal Article 2024 12 12 Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture. It poses significant health risks due to its neurotoxic, hepatotoxic, and reproductive effects. Given that current treatments for the health problems caused by hazardous toxins are inadequate and highlight the need for new treatments, this study investigated the effects of hesperidin, a flavonoid from citrus fruits, in reducing the harmful effects of CPF exposure. Based on the results, hesperidin treatment significantly improved cell viability and reduced oxidative damage markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, along with oxidative stress factors. It can augment the antioxidant cellular defenses via the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway besides reducing inflammatory targets and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Histopathological analysis of the organs showed that hesperidin reduced inflammation and collagen accumulation in liver tissue, suggesting its protective role in maintaining liver structure. Furthermore, hesperidin appears to counteract the pro-apoptotic effects of CPF, as evidenced by lower levels of cell death markers. These findings highlight the potential of hesperidin as a therapeutic agent against CPF-induced damage and emphasize its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study supports further research into hesperidin and similar plant compounds as potential solutions to pesticide-related health issues. This research advances our understanding of how natural substances can mitigate the harmful effects of environmental pollutants and paves the way for future studies in this area.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8222_a924fb4b37c9ea9d5b50d4c5fe801319.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 State of the art on traditional medicine interventions for airborne respiratory system-related zoonotic diseases 523 531 8260 10.22124/cjes.2024.8260 EN Nodirjon N. Gadaev Associate Professor of the Department of Use of Hydromelioration Systems, Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, National Research University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan & Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan Barnokhon K. Badridinova Head of the Department of Endocrinology of the Bukhara State Medical Institute Named After Abu Ali Ibn Sino of Uzbekistan Gayrat N. Raimov Department of Faculty and Hospital Surgery, Fergana Institute of Public Health and Medicine, Fergana, Uzbekistan Makhsuma K. Q. Tashpulatova PhD, Candidate of medical sciences, senior researcher, Tashkent State Dental Institute, 140005 Tashkent, Uzbekistan Sadriddin Urunboev Deputy Director of INNO Innovative Educational Production Technopark under the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Innovation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Jurabek Begaliev Kimyo International University in Tashkent Branch Samarkand, Samarkand, Uzbekistan Abdugani Suyunov Head of the Department of Hydraulic Installations and Pumping Stations, Karshi Institute of Irrigation and Agrotechnology at the National Research University “TIIAME” Dilfuza M. Akhmedova Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Biotechnology and Ecology, Fergana State University, Fergana, Uzbekistan Shakhbоskhan M. Akhmedov PhD, Dotsent of the Department of Internal Diseases and Pulmonology, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Muattarxon P. D. Yuldashova PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Botany, Biotechnology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences,Fergana State University, Fergana, Uzbekistan Saida A. Mirzaeva PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Quarantine and Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Protection, Agrochemistry and Soil Science, Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnology, Andijan, Uzbekistan Journal Article 2024 12 24 Airborne diseases in horses encompass both non-infectious inflammatory conditions and infectious diseases caused by airborne pathogens. Understanding these diseases is vital for maintaining equine health and performance. Common non-infectious conditions include Inflammatory Airway Disease (IAD) and Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO), which are linked to exposure to airborne irritants in stables. These diseases arise from contact with organic dust and noxious gases, leading to airway inflammation and respiratory distress. Symptoms such as coughing, nasal discharge, and exercise intolerance significantly impact performance across various equine disciplines. Rhodococcus equi is a notable pathogen responsible for pneumonia in foals, primarily transmitted through inhalation of contaminated dust. Studies have shown that airborne concentrations of virulent R. equi are higher in stables compared to paddocks, correlating with increased disease prevalence. Other critical airborne diseases include Equine Influenza and Streptococcus equi, characterized by acute respiratory symptoms and high contagion rates. While airborne diseases pose significant risks to equine health, effective management strategies can mitigate these threats. These strategies include improving air quality, utilizing safe drugs, and implementing vaccination programs. However, challenges remain in ensuring consistent monitoring and control measures across various environments. Integrating traditional medicine interventions may offer additional avenues for addressing these diseases, highlighting the importance of exploring both conventional and alternative treatment options. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of airborne respiratory diseases in horses is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies, ultimately enhancing equine health and performance in diverse settings

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8260_7483d6c9643790595ea3b303fc5a83c3.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Ameliorative effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (licorice) on animal and human pulmonary fibrosis: A review of current knowledge 533 545 8133 10.22124/cjes.2024.8133 EN Ali H Amin Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. Ujwal R. Shirode Department of Electronics and Telecommunication, Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India A.G. Sherov Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research University, Uzbekistan; Western Caspian University, Scientific researcher, Baku, Azerbaijan. Mabrouk A. Abo-Zaid Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ahmed H Ismail Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Shouket A. Tilwani College of Science and Humanities, Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia. Journal Article 2024 11 05 Airway inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and anti-inflammatory therapy effectively improves the symptoms of these diseases. There are more than 30 species of the genus Glycyrrhiza, which are widely distributed throughout the world. Licorice root extracts have beneficial effects in the treatment of throat infections, tuberculosis, respiratory diseases, liver, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunodeficiency. Therefore, the focus of this article is a review of the molecular mechanism of licorice extracts and its four flavonoids (isolycoirithigenin, licoirithigenin, lycalocone and glabidine) and their therapeutic effects on respiratory distress syndrome and fibrosis caused by this disease. Licorice with its combination of flavonoid, triterpenoid, saponin, and isoflavones plays an important role in reducing inflammation, strengthening the immune system and antioxidant properties. Licorice can be a natural alternative to current treatment to eliminate new emerging pathogens such as viral diseases with side effects. Based on this systematic review article, it is suggested that licorice effectively reduces lung inflammation caused by viral pathogens by inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the release of inflammatory mediators, which subsequently results in neutrophil recruitment in the lung and neutrophil-mediated oxidative damage, edema and Reduces congestion. Therefore, products that target transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling proteins, Smads, and phosphorylated Smads (p-Smads), with the ability of epithelial cells to adopt mesenchymal phenotypes, may be useful in developing therapies. New pulmonary fibrosis should be followed by respiratory distress syndrome.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8133_71d951f9fc943cb7ffc6e3aeed209f75.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Concept of locating crop production with minimal adverse impact on the environment 547 559 8761 10.22124/cjes.2025.8761 EN Natalya F. Zaruk Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Maria V. Kagirova Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Yulia N. Romantseva Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Elena S. Kolomeeva Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Rishat A. Migunov Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Konstantin A. Dzhikiya Russian State Agrarian University, Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation Journal Article 2025 05 15 Sustainable development of agriculture based on organic production technologies aims to preserve the environment and the quality of soil and water resources. It requires a conceptual systems approach to ensure the effective use of available production resources, including natural conditions. The presented work aims to develop the optimal location of organic agriculture across the territory. The basis of the concept is a methodological approach to the typification of territories, taking into account a set of factors, implemented in a developed information system that allows us to visualize the results of typification in the form of an interactive map, easy to use for producers and consumers of organic products, consulting, and financial organizations. Using induction and deduction methods, unique statistical methods (factor and cluster analysis, calculation of aggregate indicators), and software products made it possible to solve the following problems: Proposing a determination of the optimal location of organic products; developing a system of statistical indicators that comprehensively characterize production conditions; clustering large and small territorial units; visualizing the results obtained; and developing an online calculator to calculate an organization’s carbon footprint. The proposed concept has a high potential for application in countries with a large territorial extent and different levels of development. The results of using the information system as the basis of the concept can be useful for producers in the agricultural sector, agricultural management bodies, national and international organizations that accumulate, process and disseminate information about organic agriculture, and educational and research organizations.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8761_ba509b776ae369396d9b087672ced46c.pdf

University of Guilan Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 1735-3033 23 2 2025 04 01 Control of ixodid ticks by means of pheromones and acaricidal preparation 561 565 8728 10.22124/cjes.2025.8728 EN Raushangul N. Toleuova Doctoral student of Department of Biology, Institute of Natural Science and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University Leila N. Kassymbekova Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Zootechnology, Genetics and Selective Breeding. Faculty of Agricultural Science, «Toraighyrov University» NCJSC Pavlodar, Kazakhstan Zhaskaiyr Karagoishin Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of General Biology and Genomics. Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Astana, Kazakhstan Aiman Shaldybayeva PhD, Senior Teacher of Department Forest Resources and Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan Gulmira Assylbekova Candidate of Biological Sciences, Acting Associate Professor, Higher School of Natural Science, Pavlodar Pedagogical University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan Gaukhar M. Salkhozhayeva Acting Associate Professor, Candidate of Biological Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 13 Munaitpassov St., Astana, Kazakhstan Aliya Bitkeyeva PhD, Associate Professor of Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Natural Science Toraighyrov University, 140000, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan Bibigul Zhumabekova Doctor of Biological Sciences. Professor of Higher School of Natural Science, Pavlodar Pedagogical University, Pavlodar, 140002, Kazakhstan Kairat Akhmetov PhD, Associate professor, «Toraighyrov University» NCJSC, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Pavlodar, 140008, Republic of Kazakhstan Bolat K. Yessimov Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Biology, Institute of Natural Science and Geography, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Journal Article 2025 05 08 The article describes a method for catching arthropods, i.e., for collecting and counting ticks, and can be used for collecting ixodid ticks in natural biotopes and counting their number. In another aspect, the present study additionally relates to a method for killing ticks, using an agent with a mixture of pheromone and acaricidal agents for protection against ticks in natural and urban biotopes. The paper presents the action of the pheromone-deltamethrin complex on ixodid ticks, which are known to be usually parasitic on animals. During the study, a preparation with the active ingredient deltamethrin was chosen as an acaricide because deltamethrin is the main drug currently used for tick control. Moreover, deltamethrin is not a repellent and therefore will not affect the response of ticks to pheromones.

https://cjes.guilan.ac.ir/article_8728_737c4cd109acff3b26eb51fdd93e0183.pdf