Length- length, length -weight relationship and relative condition factor of pike, Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758, in Anzali Wetland (Southwest of the Caspian Sea)

Authors

0

Abstract

The length- length (LLRs), length-weight (LWR) relationships and relative condition factor (Kn) of 505 specimens of pike, (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1798) from Anzali Wetland, southwest of the Caspian Sea, were studied from April 2012 through March 2013. The length-length relationships among total length (TL), fork length (FL) and standard length (SL) for pike were found to be highly significant (r2>0.986, P<0.001). The values of b in length-weight relationship in males (3.1495), females (3.1843) and for all specimens (3.2137) indicated isometric growth. Mean relative condition factor for male, female and all specimens were 1.003, 1.004 and 1.008 respectively. The result of LWR could be used for fishery managers to approve appropriate regulations for sustainable fishery management. Few studies have been conducted on these parameters of pike and this is the first report on LLRs, LWR and Kn of pike from Iranian waters.

Keywords


Abdurahiman, K.P., Harishnayak, T., Zacharia, P.U. and Mohamed, K.S. 2004. Length-weight relationship of commercially important marine fishes and shellfishes of the southern coast of Karnataka, India. North American Grappling Association, World Fish Center Quarterly, 27 (1 and 2). Ahmad Dar,S., Najar, A.M., Balkhi, M.H., Ashraf Rather, M. and Sharma, R. 2012. Length weight relationship and relative condition factor of Schizopyge esocinus (Heckel, 1838) from Jhelum River, Kashmir. International Journal of Aquatic Science. 3 (1): 23-29. Altιndağ, A., Yiğit, S., Ahìska, S. and Özkurt, Ş. 1999. The Growth Features of Pike (Esox lucius L., 1758) in Dam Lake Kesikköprü, (in Turkish). Turkish Journal of Zoology.23 (3): 901-910. Anderson, R. and Gutreuter, S. 1983. Length, weight, and associated structural indices. pp. 283–300. In L, Nielsen, L., Johnson, D (eds) Fisheries Techniques. American Fisheries Society, Bathesda, Maryland, USA. Anene, A. 2005. Condition factors of four cichlid species of a man-made lake in Imo state, Southeast, Nigeria. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 5: 43-47. Benzer, S., Gul, A. and Yilmaz, M. 2010. Breeding properties of Esox lucius (L., 1758) living in Kapulukaya Dam Lake (Kirikkale, Turkey). African Journal of Biotechnology. 9 (34): 5560-5565. Blackwell, B.G., Brown, M.L. and Willis, D.W. 2000. Relative weight (Wr) status and current use in fisheries assessment and management. Reviews in Fisheries Science. 8 (1): 1-44. Cherif, M., Zarrad, R., Gharbi, H., Missaoui, H. and Jarboui, O. 2008. Length–weight relationships for 11 fish species from the Gulf of Tunis (SW Mediterranean Sea, Tunı ́sia). Pan-Am. Journal of Aquatic Science. 3: 1–5. Çubuk, H., Balιk, Ì., Uysal, R. and Özkök, R. 2005 Some biological characteristics and the stock size of the pike (Esox lucius L., 1758) population in Lake Karamik (Afyon, Turkey), Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. 29: 1025–1031. De Bates, T.J., Paukert, C.P. and Willis, D.W. 2003. Fish community responses to the establishment of a piscivore, northern pike (Esox lucius), in a Nebraska Sandhill lake. Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 18: 353-359. Erdem, Ü., Atasoy, E., Emre, Y. and Celiktas, S. 2007. Some Biological Characteristics of Pike (Esox Lucius Linnaeus, 1758) In Lake Apolyont (Uluabat/Bursa-Turkey), Türk Sucul Yasam Dergisi, (in Turkish). 3-5 (5-8): 413-418. Froese, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight– length relationships: History, meta-analysis and Moslemi Aghdam et al., 115recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology. 22: 241–253. Gonc ̧alves, J.M.S., Bentes, L., Lino, P.G., Ribeiro, J., Canario, A.V.M. and Erzini, K. 1997. Weight–length relationships for selected fish species of the small-scale demersal fisheries of the south and south-west coast of Portugal. Fisheries Research. 30: 253–356. Griffiths, R.W., Newlands, N.K., Noakes, D.L.G. and Beamish, F.W.H. 2004. Northern pike (Esox lucius) growth and mortality in a northern Ontario river compared with that in lakes: influence of flow. Ecology of Freshwater Fish. 13: 136-144. Gurkan, Ş. and Taşkavak, E. 2007. Length–weight relationships for Syngnathid fishes of the Aegean Sea, Turkey. Belgian Journal of Zoology. 137: 219–222. Ìlhan, A. and Balιk, S. 2003. Investigation of the Bioecological Characteristics of Pike Population (Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758) in Lake Işıklı (Çivril-Denizli/Turkey), (in Turkish). SDÜ Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 9: 1-9. Imanpour Namin, J., Mohammadi, M., Heydari, S. and Monsef Rad, F. 2011. Heavy methals Cu, ZN, Cd and Pb in tissue, liver of Esox Lucius and sediment from the Anzali International Wetland - Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences. 9 (1): 1-8. Jepsen, N., Beck, S., Skov, C. and Koed, A. 2001. Behavior of pike (Esox lucius L.) >50 cm in a turbid reservoir and in a Clearwater lake. Ecology of Freshwater Fish. 10: 26-34. Khaironizam, M.Z. and Norma-Rashid Y. 2002. Length–weight relationship of Mudskippers (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae) in the coastal areas of Selangor, Malaysia. North American Grappling Association. 25: 20–22. King, M. 2007. Fisheries biology, assessment and management. Second Edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 381 p. Kohler, N., Casey, J. and Turner, P. 1995. Length–weight relationships for 13 species of sharks from the western North Atlantic. Fishery Bulletin. 93: 412–418. Le Cren, E.D. 1951. The length–weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and conditions in the perch Perca fluviatilis. Journal of Animal Ecology. 20: 201–219. Lorenzoni, M., Corboli, M., D.rr, M., Marelli, M. and Giovinazzo, G. 2002. The growth of pike (Esox luciusLinnaeus, 1798) in Lake Trasimeno (Italy). Fisheries Research. 59: 239-246. Moradinasab, Gh., Daliri, M., Ghorbani, R., Paighambari, S.Y. and Davoodi, R. 2012. Length-weight and length-length relationships, Relative condition factor and Fulton’s condition factor of Five Cyprinid species in Anzali Wetland, southwest of the Caspian Sea. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences. 10 (1): 25-31. Ndimele, P.E., Kumolu- Johnson, C.A., Aladetohun, N.F. and Ayorinde, O.A. 2010. Length weight relationship, condition factor and dietary composition of Sarotherodon melanotheron, Rüppell, 1852 (Pisces: cichlidae) in Ologe Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. 4: 584-590. Oni, S.K., Olayemi, J.Y. and Adegboye, J.D. 1983. Comparative physiology of three ecologically distinct fresh water fishes, Alestes nurse Ruppell, Synodontis schall Bloch and S. schneider and Tilapia zilli Gervais. Journal of Fish Biology. 22: 105-109. Özaydin, O. and Taşkavak, E. 2007. Length–weight relationships for 47 fish species from Izmir Bay (eastern Agean Sea, Turkey). Acta Adriatica. 47: 211–216. Pauly, D. 1984. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators.International Center of Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) Manila, Philippines. 8, 325 p. Paukert, C.P., Klammer, J.A., Pierce, R.B. and Simonson, T.D. 2001. An overview of northern pike regulations in North America. Length- Length, Length –Weight...116 Fisheries Management Feature. 26: 6-13. Paukert, C.P., Stancill, W., DeBates, T.J. and Willis, D.W. 2003. Predatory effects of northern pike and largemouth bass: bioenergetic modeling and ten years of fish community sampling. Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 18. 13-24. Petrakis, G. and Stergiou, K.I. 1995. Weight length relationships for 33 fish species in Greek waters. Fisheries Research. 21: 465–469. Ricker, W.E. 1975. Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin Fisheries Research, Board Canada. 382 p. Saliu, J.K. 2001. Observation on the condition factor of Brycinus nurse (Pisces: Cypriniformes, Characidae) from Asa Reservoir, Ilorin, Nigeria. Tropical Freshwater Biology. 10: 9–17. Soomro, A.N., Baloch, W.A., Jafri, S.I.H. and Suzuki, H. 2007. Studies on length-weight relationships of the catfish Eutropiichthyes vachaHamilton (Schilbeidae: Siluriformes) from Indus river, Sindh, Pakistan. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences. 7 (2): 143-145. Stergiou, K.I. and Moutopoulos, D.K. 2001. A review of length–weight relationships of fishes from Greek marine waters. North American Grappling Association. 24: 23–39. Tesch, F.W. 1968. Age and growth in: Methods for assessment of fish production in fresh waters. pp. 93-123. W. E. Ricker, (ed). Blackwell Scientific publication, Oxford. Weatherley, A.H. and Gill, H.S. 1987. The Biology of Fish Growth. Academic Press, London, UK, 443 p. Welcome, R.L. 1979. Fisheries ecology of flood plain rivers. Longman Press, London. 317 p. Yagci, M., Alp, A., Uysal, R., Yegen, V. and Yagci, A. 2009. Reproduction Properties of Pike (Esox lucius L. 1758) Population in the Isikli Dam Lake (Civril-Denizli/Turkey), (in Turkish). Journal of Fisheries Sciences. 3 (3): 220-230. Yeamin Hossain, M.D. 2010. Morphometric Relationships of Length-Weight and Length-Length of Four Cyprinid Small Indigenous Fish Species from the Padma River (NW Bangladesh). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 10: 131-134.