Checklist of Phytoplankton Taxa in the Iranian Waters of the Caspian Sea

Authors

1 *, M. Fallahi

2 0

Abstract

Phytoplankton taxa composition of the Caspian Sea were evaluated by using samples collected at 12 stations along the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea between 1996 and 2010. This study identified 158 phytoplankton species consisted of diatoms (70 species), dinoflagellates (23 species), chlorophytes (29 species), cyanophytes (31 species), and euglenoids (5 species). The dominant species were the diatoms Thalassionema nitzschioides, Dactyliosolen fragilissimus, the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cordatum, and the cyanophyte of genus Oscillatoria. The average species diversity index of phytoplankton community was 1.88 as recorded in this study. There were main changes in phytoplankton composition as compared with previous study. It could be related to the severe human activities and difference in sampling strategies.

Keywords


Aladin, N.V. and Plotnikov, I.S. (2003) Hydrobiology of the Caspian Sea. In: dying and dead Seas. NATO ARW/ASI Series. Kluwer Academic Publication, Dordrecht. pp.185–226. Ayati, B. (2003) Investigation of sanitary and industrial wastewater effects on Anzali wetland (final report). Report Bagheri and Fallahi 95presented to MAB-UNESCO by environmental engineering division, civil engineering department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran: TMU. 52 P. Bagheri, S., Mansor, M., Makaremi, M., Mirzajani A.R, Babaei, H., Negarestan, H. and Wan Maznah, W.O. (2010) Distribution and composition of phytoplankton in the southwestern Caspian Sea during 2001–2002, a comparison with previous surveys. World Journal of Fish & Marine Sciences, 2, 416-426 Bagheri, S., Mansor, M., Makaremi, M., Sabkara, J., Wan-Maznah, W.O., Mirzajani, A., Khodaparast, SH., Negarestan, H., Ghandi, A. and Khalilpour, A. (2011) Fluctuations of phytoplankton community in the coastal waters of Caspian Sea in 2006. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 8, 1328–1336. Bagheri, S. (2012) Ecological assessment of plankton community and effects of alien species in the southwestern Caspian Sea. Ph.D Dissertation, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. 233 P. Bagheri, S., Mansor, M., Turkoglu, M., Wan-Maznah, W.O. and Babaei, H. (2012a) Temporal distribution of phytoplankton in the southwestern Caspian Sea during 2009-2010: A comparison with previous surveys. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92, 1243–1255. Bagheri, S., Mansor, M., Turkoglu, M., Makaremi, M., Wan Omar, W.O. and Negarestan, H. (2012b) Phytoplankton Species Composition and Abundance in the Southwestern Caspian Sea. Ekoloji, 21, 32–43. Bagheri, S., Niermann, U., Mansor, M., Yeok, F.S. (2014) Biodiversity, distribution and abundance of zooplankton in the Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea off Anzali during 1996–2010. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 94, 129–140. Bagheri, S. (2014) Ecological assessment of phytoplankton in the Southwestern Caspian Sea. Publisher: LAP LAMBERT Academic publishing. 80 P. Dumont, H.J. (1998) The Caspian Lake: History, biota, structure, and function. Limnology and Oceanography, 43, 44–52. Dumont, H.J. (2000) Endemism in the Ponto-Caspian fauna, with special emphasis on the Onychopoda (Crustacea). Advances in Ecological Research, 31, 181–196. Ganjian, A., Wan-Maznah, W.O., Yahya, K., Fazli, H., Vahedi, M., Roohi, A. and Farabi, M.S. (2010) Seasonal and regional distribution of phytoplanktonin the southern part of the Caspian Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 9, 382–402. Islam, M.S. (2008) Phytoplankton diversity index with reference to Mucalinda Sarovar, Bodh- Gaya. In: Sengupta, M. and Dalwani, R.(eds). Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12thWorld Lake Conference. pp. 462–463. Kangro, K., Laugaste, R., Noges, P. and Ott, I. (2005) Long-term changes and seasonal development of phytoplankton in a strongly stratified, hypertrophic lake. Hydrobiologia, 547, 91–103. Kosarev, A.N. and Yablonskaya, E.A. (1994) The Caspian Sea. SPB Academic publisher, Russia. 259 P. Makaremi, M., Sabkara, J. and Mohammadjani, T.K. (2006) Identification and distribution of phytoplankton in Anzali wetland and the coast of Caspian Sea. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 15, 129–149. Mertens, K., Bradley, L.R., Takano, Y., Mudie, P.J., Marret, F., Aksu, A.E., Hiscott, R.N., Verleye, T.N., Mousing, E.A., Smyrnova, L.L., Bagheri, S., Mansor, M., Pospelova, Checklist of Phytoplankton Taxa...96 V. and Matsuoka, K. (2012) Quantitative estimation of holocene surface salinity variation in the Black and Caspian Sea using dinoflagellate cyst process length. Quaternary Science Review, 39, 45–59. Moncheva, S., Gotsis-Skretas, O., Pagou, K. and Krastev, A. (2001) Phytoplankton blooms in Black Sea and Mediterranean coastal ecosystems subjected to anthropogenic eutrophication: similarities and differences. Estuary Coastal and Shelf Science, 53, 281–295. Nasrollahzadeh, H.S. (2008) Nutrient distribution in the Iranian coastal waters of the Caspian Sea and its influence on phytoplankton abundance and diversity. Ph.D Dissertation. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. 245 P. Nasrollahzadeh, A. (2010) Caspian Sea and its Ecological Challenges. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 8, 97–104. Putans, A.V., Merklin, L.R. and Levchenko, O.V. (2010) Sediment waves and other forms as evidence of geohazards in Caspian Sea. Journal of International Offshore and Polar Engineering, 20, 241–246. Roohi, A. (2009) Population dynamic and effects of the invasive species ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Southern Caspian Sea. Ph.D thesis. Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. 152 P. Roohi, A., Kideys, A.E., Sajjadi, A., Hashemian, A., Pourgholam, R., Fazli, H., Khanari, A.G. and Eker, E. (2010) Changes in biodiversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton, fishes and macrobenthos in the Southern Caspian Sea after the invasion of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. Biological Invasions, 12, 2343–2361. Stolberg, F., Borysova, O., Mitrofanov, I., Barannik, V. and Eghtesadi, P. (2006) Global international waters assessment Caspian Sea, regional assessment report, Sweden: University of Kalmar [on line]. [Accessed 10 March 2010]. Available at:http://www.unep.org/dewa/giwa/areas/reports/r23/. Turkoglu, M. (2008) Synchronous blooms of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Hay & Mohler and three dinoflagellata in the Dardanelles (Turkish Straits System). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 433–441. Turkoglu, M. (2010) Temporal variations of surface phytoplankton, nutrients and chlorophyll-a in the Dardanelles (Turkish Straits System): a coastal station sample in weekly time intervals. Turkish Journal of Biology, 34, 319–333. Turkoglu, M. and Oner, C. (2010) Short time variations of winter phytoplankton, nutrient and chlorophyll- a of Kepez Harbour in the Dardanelles (Çanakkale Strait, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 10, 537–548.